En legendarisk filosof Lǎo Zǐ (ca. 580-470 f.Kr.)
Lao Zis efternavn var Li, og hans fornavn var Er. Lao Zi er en ærestitel. Det er bredt anerkendt, at Lao Zi er en af de mest ærede filosoffer i kinesisk historie. Der findes adskillige legender om hans fødsel, karriere, undervisning og filosofiske ideer.
Ifølge en populær legende blev Lao Zi undfanget, da hans mor så en stjerne falde ned i hendes skød, og han blev i livmoderen i 80 år. Da han blev født, var han allerede en voksen mand med et gråt skæg og lange øreflipper, et symbol på lykke og et langt liv.
Han opbevarede engang det kongelige hofs arkiver for Zhou-dynastiet (ca. 11. århundrede-256 f.Kr.). Men han trak sig senere tilbage og drog vestpå for at udbrede sine ideer og sin filosofi.
En dag, mens han red på en okse, nærmede han sig Hangu-passet og blev stoppet af Yinxi, en vagtpost, der bemandede passet. Som en trofast tilhænger af Lao Zis filosofi genkendte officeren straks den store mester. Men for at bede Lao Zi om at lære ham noget om hans filosofi, krævede officeren, at den gamle mand fremviste en officiel tilladelse til at forlade landet. Lao Zi havde intet dokument, så han indvilligede i at skrive et essay på 5.000 ord om sin filosofi til gengæld for passage til Vesten. Essayet viste sig at være den berømte Daodejing (også “Tao Te Ching”) eller “Dydens Bog”.
I dag diskuterer forskere verden over stadig, om bogen faktisk blev skrevet af Lao Zi eller samlet af hans elever og disciple.
De er dog alle enige om, at bogen afspejler Lao Zis tankegang. I bogen brugte Lao Zi konceptet Dao (Tao) til at forklare alle forandringer i universet. Dao, som også er blevet oversat til “Vej” eller “Stor Integritet”, betragtes som den mystiske kilde eller idealet for alle eksistenser.
Lao Tzus “Tao Te Ching” er en klassiker inden for kinesisk filosofi. Den bedste måde at forstå dette værk i dybden på er at komme til Kina og deltage i et fuldtidskursus i kinesisk. Som det bedste land at lære kinesisk tilbyder Kina ikke kun sprogkurser af høj kvalitet, men giver dig også mulighed for at opleve traditionelle kulturelle aktiviteter såsom kinesiske festivaler på første hånd.
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